Residual noma defect of upper lip reconstructed using Estlander flap

Abstract

Noma is a rapidly progressive, polymicrobial, opportunistic infection that occurs during periods of compromised immune function. It occurs in children with poor nutrition and compromised immune system. Early presentation is unclear as noma is often well progressed at initial presentation. Noma, unlike most infections, is able to spread through anatomic barriers such as muscle, which might also extend to other facial structures leading to extensive soft tissue and bony defects with or without temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Reconstruction of such type of defects poses a challenge for the surgeon as it requires staged surgical approach. A residual noma with a full-thickness defect of upper lip in a 6-year-old child was reconstructed using Estlander flap.

Keywords

• Estlander flap
• noma
• upper lip reconstruction