The anti-inflammatory effect of allopurinol and diclofenac in chicks’ model

Abstract

No studies have been conducted on the anti-inflammatory effect of allopurinol; eight-day old chicks are used. The aim of this paper was to study the anti-inflammatory action of allopurinol on a chemical pain model, both when administered alone or in combination with diclofenac sodium in chicks; additionally, we sought to determine the therapeutic index for allopurinol and diclofenac sodium in chicks. The median analgesic dose (ED50) of allopurinol and diclofenac sodium for inducing analgesic effects from electric stimulation in the chickens was 8.16 and 6.3 mg/kg, respectively. The median lethal dose (LD50) of allopurinol and diclofenac sodium in the chicks was 556.58 and 92.63 mg/kg, respectively. The therapeutic index for allopurinol and diclofenac sodium was calculated to be 69 and 15, respectively. This study identified the therapeutic index in chicks for the first time. It demonstrated that allopurinol is safer than diclofenac in chicks. Applying holographic analysis, we determined that the interaction between allopurinol /diclofenac sodium was synergistic when given at a ratio of 0.5:0.5. The anti-inflammatory efficacy for allopurinol alone, diclofenac sodium alone, and the two drugs combined were 52, 57, and 67% respectively. In conclusion, our study suggests indicating that allopurinol has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects on formalin-induced inflammatory pain in chicks.

Keywords

• xanthine oxidase inhibitors
• allopurinol
• analgesics
• formalin test
• gout