Acta Biomedica Scientifica (May 2013)
Chronic respiratory pathology and life quality of the adolescents living in industrial centers
Abstract
At present the pathology of laryngeal and respiratory organs is known to prevail in the structure of the child and adolescent morbidity in the industrial centers of the northern and eastern regions of the country and their proportion reaches 70 %. The disease symptoms of the respiratory tracts (the obstacle nose, discomfort and throat tickling as well as the hoarseness) and especially their complications may lead to the decrease in the life quality of children and adolescents. Taking into account that at present time it is impossible to remove technogenic air pollution totally, the complex studies on revealing the unfavorable factors, which may influence the organisms of the children and adolescents, are known to be the prior task of the preventive medicine. The aim of the study was to examine the frequency chronic respiratory pathology and influence on the adolescents life quality of industrial centers of Irkutsk region with different levels of technogenic pollution. 410 adolescents (14-17 years) for a long time living in the regions with the different air pollution levels air with the developed oil-chemical and industries were examined. The differences in the structure of chronic respiratory pathology were revealed in the examined adolescents: under conditions of the air pollution with a complex of chemical compounds with a high Hasard Index (HI = 17) the respiratory diseases prevail, and with the medium level (HI = 3,6) the nasal diseases prevail. It was found that that about 12,6 % of the morbidity variability in the category of the respiratory organs, in particular the throat pathology in the teenagers may be correlated with the air pollution. The more significant factors of forming the chronic respiratory pathology were found to be the health state, characterized by the laboratory indices (common microbial number of the nasal cavity and the pharynx; activity of lysocyme); chemical inhalation exposure; the work of the parents under harmful conditions during the period before child birth. The study results may be considered as the basis for the optimization of the approaches to the diagnostics and prevention of the respiratory pathology of adolescents.
