Durability of neutralization against Omicron subvariants after vaccination and breakthrough infection
Ka-Li Zhu,
Xiao-Lin Jiang,
Bing-Dong Zhan,
Xue-Jun Wang,
Xian Xia,
Guo-Ping Cao,
Wen-Kui Sun,
Peng-Xiang Huang,
Jin-Zhong Zhang,
Yu-Ling Gao,
Er-Hei Dai,
Hui-Xia Gao,
Mai-Juan Ma
Affiliations
Ka-Li Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 10071, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Xiao-Lin Jiang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
Bing-Dong Zhan
Department of Diseases Control and Prevention, Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou 324000, China
Xue-Jun Wang
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 10071, China
Xian Xia
Department of Diseases Control and Prevention, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
Guo-Ping Cao
Department of Diseases Control and Prevention, Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou 324000, China
Wen-Kui Sun
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
Peng-Xiang Huang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
Jin-Zhong Zhang
Department of Diseases Control and Prevention, Liaocheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaocheng 252000, China
Yu-Ling Gao
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
Er-Hei Dai
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
Hui-Xia Gao
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; Corresponding author
Mai-Juan Ma
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 10071, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Corresponding author
Summary: Booster immunizations and breakthrough infections can elicit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariant neutralizing activity. However, the durability of the neutralization response is unknown. We characterize the sensitivity of BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.75, BA.4/BA.5, BF.7, BQ.1.1, and XBB against neutralizing antibodies from vaccination, hybrid immunity, and breakthrough infections 4–6 months after vaccination and infection. We show that a two-dose CoronaVac or a third-dose ZF2001 booster elicits limited neutralization against Omicron subvariants 6 months after vaccination. Hybrid immunity as well as Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 breakthrough infections induce long-term persistence of the antibody response, and over 70% of sera neutralize BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, and BF.7. However, BQ.1.1 and XBB, followed by BA.2.75, are more resistant to neutralization, with neutralizing titer reductions of ∼9- to 41-fold, ∼16- to 63-fold, and ∼4- to 25-fold, respectively. These data highlight additional vaccination in CoronaVac- or ZF2001-vaccinated individuals and provide insight into the durability of neutralization against Omicron subvariants.
