Hemodialysis Induced Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome in a Eunatremic Patient

Abstract

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) has been described in end-stage renal disease patients recently started on hemodialysis and is usually attributed to a rapid correction of hyponatremia. We describe a case of ODS developing after recent hemodialysis and unrelated to serum sodium changes. Our aim is to help provide more data about the pathophysiology and precipitating factors of this syndrome. ODS is seen in the setting of acute osmotic changes, which has been historically linked to sodium levels. We hope that our clinical case highlights the other possible contributing factors leading to this syndrome and will aid in proper avoidance and suitable management of this condition.

Keywords

• osmotic demyelination syndrome
• hemodialysis
• chronic renal failure
• hypertension