Immune response of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius) to yellow head virus (YHV) and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)

Abstract

Immunological responses of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) were induced under laboratory conditions by injecting white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and yellow head virus (YHV). The survivors from WSSV and YHV infection showed improvement in their immunity against the re-challenging by both viruses. The WSSV survivors showed higher capability than that of YHV survivors in developing the immunity. The highest relative percent survival (RPS) against WSSV and YHV noted after a 43-day period of WSSV injection was 67 and 37.5%, respectively. While the RPSs against both viruses after periods of 46 and 60 days of the YHV injection were 37.5 and 12.1%. Similarly, an in vitro neutralization activity of plasma separated from the survivors with WSSV injection showed preference of virus being eliminated over the plasma from YHV injection.Blood parameters for survivors with WSSV injection for 43 days showed an increase in phenoloxidase activity, while the YHV injected survivors exhibited higher level of total hemocytes and phenoloxidase activity. Histopathological examinations in survivors revealed changes of lymphatic tubes into spheroids higher than those in normal individual.

Keywords

• immune response
• black tiger shrimp
• Penaeus monodon
• YHV
• WSSV