Histomorphological Analysis of Testicular Specimens at Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Rajasthan – A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Introduction: Numerous etiologies, categorised as Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic lesions, can affect the testis. Non-neoplastic conditions are further broken down into important categories such as congenital anomaly, inflammation or infection, vascular disorders, and atrophy caused by various etiologies. Neoplastic lesions are far less common than non-neoplastic lesions, but their early detection is crucial for managing them and understanding age distribution. Objectives: Our study aims to analyze Histomorphological spectrum of various testicular specimens as well as to calculate age incidence of various testicular lesions. Material and Methods: This retrospective study of five years from January 2017 to December 2021 with total of 100 specimens conducted in department of pathology of jhalawar medical college. All orchidectomy specimens managed further and examined microscopically. Results: Overall, it was discovered that non-neoplastic lesions were more prevalent than neoplastic lesions (85% vs. 15%). The most frequent non-neoplastic lesions were torsion/infarction (38%), followed by both cryptorchidism (14%) and Non specific inflammatory lesions (14%). Seminoma (40%) is more frequent than embryonal carcinoma (26.67%) among neoplastic tumours, which is thought to be the second most frequent. Inflammatory lesions are substantially less common among younger age groups, according to our research. Conclusion: Comparing histopathogical evaluation to recently developed molecular techniques, we found it to be a very simple, logical, and effective instrument. It turns out to be quite useful for both identifying different testicular lesions and categorising their age occurrences.

Keywords

• orchidectomy
• testicular lesions
• torsion
• seminoma