Effect of hand-holding and conversation alone or with midazolam premedication on preoperative anxiety in adult patients—A randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Background and Aims: Anxiety causing stress is most profound before surgery. Anxiolytics are used routinely to combat perioperative anxiety. Studies have shown that hand-holding and communication are useful in reducing anxiety levels intraoperatively. This study compares the effectiveness of the same with pharmacological interventions in allaying preoperative anxiety. Material and Methods: This is a three-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial. A total of 90 adult patients aged <45 years and of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1–2, undergoing laparoscopic surgery were enroled in this study. Patients received either intravenous (IV) midazolam (group M) or hand-holding and conversation (group HC), or a combination of IV midazolam and holding and conversation (group HCM) in the preoperative room. Anxiety, heart rate (HR) and mean blood pressure (MBP) were recorded before and 20 minutes after the intervention. Anxiety was measured using the Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test was done to analyse the difference between the groups. Results: The mean anxiety scores were significantly different in the three groups (p = 0.04) after intervention, with the lowest score in group HCM, followed by group HC and the highest score in group M. The mean heart rates were also significantly different in the three groups after intervention but MBP was not significantly different in the three groups. Conclusion: A combination of hand-holding and conversation and midazolam is best for allaying preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries than either method alone.

Keywords

• anxiety
• interview
• midazolam
• preoperative period
• touch