Progress in application of nanomaterials mimic enzymes

Abstract

Natural enzymes are trace proteins produced by living cells in human body. It is precisely because of the existence of enzyme that the daily operation of organisms can be carried out orderly. At present, enzymes are used in many fields such as biomedicine, catalysis and detection. However, natural enzymes have many disadvantages, such as easy inactivation, poor stability, difficult synthesis, complex purification and high price, which hinder the large-scale application. In the past decades, as a new generation of artificial enzymes, nanomaterials mimic enzymes has gradually become a substitute for natural enzyme due to their high stability and good repeatability. Nanomaterial mimetic enzymes play an important role in many fields. The application of nanomaterial mimetic enzymes in the detection of O2·- and salvianolic acid in the field of electrochemical sensing was focused on in this paper, as well as in the detection of small biological molecules such as glutathione, glucose, cholesterol and H2O2, which can effectively detect the content of heavy metal salts and pesticides in the field of environmental pollution prevention and control, nanomaterials mimic enzymes can also prevent cancer, virus infection and other diseases by detecting specific sequences of DNA. Finally, it was expected that the future research of nanomaterials mimic enzymes will focus on the coupling between nanomaterials mimic enzymes, reaction mechanism, optimization of enzyme reaction environment and substrate selectivity, which will be the key research direction in the future.

Keywords

• nanomaterials
• mimic enzyme
• electrochemical sensor
• glutathione
• glucose
• pesticide
• heavy metal