The effects of electroconvulsive therapy on tardive dystonia or dyskinesia induced by psychotropic medication: a retrospective study

Abstract

Norio Yasui-Furukori,1 Atsuhiro Kikuchi,1 Hiroshi Katagai,1,2 Sunao Kaneko11Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 2Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki-Aiseikai Hospital, Hirosaki, JapanBackground: Tardive dystonia and dyskinesia are potentially irreversible neurological syndromes. Successful electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) has been reported by multiple sources; however, the existing retrospective reviews and open prospective trials provide little information on the response rate.Methods: Eighteen consecutive patients with tardive dystonia or dyskinesia received a standard course of ECT to treat abnormal movement. The severity of the tardive dystonia and dyskinesia was evaluated using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) before and after the course of ECT. The patients who displayed a greater than 50% improvement in the AIMS score were classified as the responders.Results: The mean AIMS score decreased from 19.1±4.7 to 9.6±4.2. There were seven responders among the 18 patients, which yielded a 39% response rate. Conclusion: ECT has a moderate but significant effect on tardive dystonia and dyskinesia. Keywords: tardive dystonia, tardive diskinesia, ECT, medication