Emergency and Elective Colorectal Cancer—Relationship between Clinical Factors, Tumor Topography and Surgical Strategies: A Cohort Study
Ionuţ Simion Coman,
Raluca Cristina Vital,
Violeta Elena Coman,
Cosmin Burleanu,
Mircea Liţescu,
Costin George Florea,
Daniel Alin Cristian,
Gabriel-Petre Gorecki,
Petru Adrian Radu,
Iancu Emil Pleşea,
Anwar Erchid,
Valentin Titus Grigorean
Affiliations
Ionuţ Simion Coman
10th Clinical Department—General Surgery, Discipline of General Surgery—“Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
Raluca Cristina Vital
General Surgery Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni Road, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
Violeta Elena Coman
10th Clinical Department—General Surgery, Discipline of General Surgery—“Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
Cosmin Burleanu
General Surgery Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni Road, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
Mircea Liţescu
2nd Department of Surgery and General Anesthesia, Discipline of Surgery and General Anesthesia—“Sf. Ioan” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
Costin George Florea
General Surgery Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni Road, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
Daniel Alin Cristian
10th Clinical Department—General Surgery, Discipline of General Surgery—“Colţea” Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
Gabriel-Petre Gorecki
Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 67A Gheorghe Petraşcu Street, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
Petru Adrian Radu
10th Clinical Department—General Surgery, Discipline of General Surgery—“Dr. Carol Davila” Clinical Nephrology Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
General Surgery Department, “Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, 12 Berceni Road, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
Valentin Titus Grigorean
10th Clinical Department—General Surgery, Discipline of General Surgery—“Bagdasar-Arseni” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
Background and Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the relationships among several clinical factors and also the tumor topography and surgical strategies used in patients with colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We designed an analytical, observational, retrospective study that included patients admitted to our emergency surgical department and diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The study group inclusion criteria were: patients admitted during 2020–2022; patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (including the ileocecal valve); patients who benefited from a surgical procedure, either emergency or elective. Results: In our study group, consisting of 153 patients, we accounted for 56.9% male patients and 43.1% female patients. The most common clinical manifestations were pain (73.2% of the study group), followed by abdominal distension (69.3% of the study group) and absence of intestinal transit (38.6% of the study group). A total of 69 patients had emergency surgery (45.1%), while 84 patients (54.9%) benefited from elective surgery. The most frequent topography of the tumor was the sigmoid colon, with 19.60% of the patients, followed by the colorectal junction, with 15.68% of the patients, and superior rectum and inferior rectum, with 11.11% of the patients in each subcategory. The most frequent type of procedure was right hemicolectomy (21.6% of the study group), followed by rectosigmoid resection (20.9% of the study group). The surgical procedure was finished by performing an anastomosis in 49% of the patients, and an ostomy in 43.1% of the patients, while for 7.8% of the patients, a tumoral biopsy was performed. Conclusions: Colorectal cancer remains one of the most frequent cancers in the world, with a heavy burden that involves high mortality, alterations in the quality of life of patients and their families, and also the financial costs of the medical systems.
