Comparative Assessment of the Dynamics of Visual Performance of a Patient with Visually Intense Work with Binocular Cataract after Various Technologies of Cataract Phacoemulsification

Abstract

Purpose. Comparative assessment of the dynamics of visual performance (VP) of a patient with visually intense work with binocular cataract after various technologies of cataract phacoemulsification (PEC).Methods. There were 300 patients with binocular cataract under our observation. Patients were divided into three equals in number (n = 100), age (from 38 to 66 years, mean age 55.8 ± 1.3 years), gender (78 % — men; 22 % — women), refractive values of the group who underwent PEС using the following technologies: delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (DSBCS), immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery according to the traditional (trISBCS) and developed algorithms (maISBCS). Examination of the state of vision of patients in all groups was performed before and 3 months after surgery according to clinical (BCVA in terms of the difference between the first and second eye) and the following ophthalmo-ergonomic indicators, which were assessed using special computer programs: “Visual productivity”, “Glazomer”, “Visual search”.Results. Differences between the clinical outcomes of the first and second eyes with maISBCS and DSBCS are practically insignificant (UDVA within 0.02 rel. units), after trISBCS they are statistically significant (by 0.08–0.09 rel. units, p < 0.05). After the operation, a pronounced (p < 0.001) increase in VP was noted in all groups. At the same time, there were differences between the groups of patients who underwent maISBCS and trISBCS, manifested by a decrease in VP in the trISBCS group according to the “Visual Search” and “Eye Meter” tests, by 16.1–22.1 % (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The postoperative level of VR achieved during maISBCS and and DSBCS is almost identical. It has been determined that with an increase in the level of complexity of the ophthalmo-ergonomic tests presented (“signal-response”; “selection of a signal from several — response”; “selection of a signal in conditions of time pressure”), there is a corresponding increase in the difference in the level of SR between groups of patients who were maISBCS and trISBCS, were performed (by 1.5 %, p > 0.05; 16.1 %, p < 0.05; and 22.1 %, p < 0.05, respectively), which may be associated with the occurrence of postoperative anisometropia.

Keywords

• факоэмульсификация катаракты
• офтальмоэргономика
• зрительно-напряженный труд
• анизометропия