A Statistical Physics Approach to Understanding the Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles
Ali Dehbi,
Younes Dehmani,
Dison S. P. Franco,
Hind Omari,
Jordana Georgin,
Younes Brahmi,
Kaoutar Elazhari,
Mohammed Messaoudi,
Imane Aadnan,
Taibi Lamhasni,
Awad A. Alrashdi,
Abdelaziz Abdallaoui,
Sadik Abouarnadasse,
Adil Lamini
Affiliations
Ali Dehbi
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Younes Dehmani
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Dison S. P. Franco
Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55–66, Barranquilla 50366, Colombia
Hind Omari
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Jordana Georgin
Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55–66, Barranquilla 50366, Colombia
Younes Brahmi
HTMR-Lab, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
Kaoutar Elazhari
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Mohammed Messaoudi
Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Imane Aadnan
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Taibi Lamhasni
Institut National des Sciences de l’Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), BP 6828, Madinat al Irfane, Avenue Allal El-Fassi, Angle rues 5 et 7, Rabat 10000, Morocco
Awad A. Alrashdi
Chemistry Department, Al-Qunfudah University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia
Abdelaziz Abdallaoui
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Sadik Abouarnadasse
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Adil Lamini
Laboratory of Chemistry/Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50070, Morocco
The production of cobalt oxide nanoparticles and their use in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from solution is described in the paper. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles have a crystalline cubic structure. The study of the adsorption of methylene blue onto the cobalt oxide nanoparticles involved determining the contact time and initial concentration of the adsorption of MB on the adsorbent. The kinetics of adsorption were analyzed using two kinetic models (pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order), and the pseudo-second-order model was found to be the most appropriate for describing the behavior of the adsorption. This study indicates that the MLTS (monolayer with the same number of molecules per site) model is the most suitable model for describing methylene blue/cobalt oxide systems, and the parameter values help to further understand the adsorption process with the steric parameters. Indicating that methylene blue is horizontally adsorbed onto the surface of the cobalt oxide, which is bonded to two different receptor sites. Regarding the temperature effect, it was found that the adsorption capacity increased, with the experimental value ranging from 313.7 to 405.3 mg g−1, while the MLTS predicted 313.32 and 408.16 mg g−1. From the thermodynamic functions, high entropy was found around 280 mg L−1 concentration. For all concentrations and temperatures examined, the Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of adsorption were found to be negative and positive, respectively, suggesting that the system is spontaneous and endothermic. According to this study’s findings, methylene blue adsorption onto cobalt oxide nanoparticles happens via the creation of a monolayer, in which the same amount of molecules are adsorbed at two distinct locations. The findings shed light on the methylene blue adsorption process onto cobalt oxide nanoparticles, which have a variety of uses, including the remediation of wastewater.
