Bio-Valorization of Spent Coffee Grounds and Potato Peel as Substrates for <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> Growth
Brisa del Mar Torres-Martínez,
Rey David Vargas-Sánchez,
José Ángel Pérez-Alvarez,
Juana Fernández-López,
Manuel Viuda-Martos,
Martin Esqueda,
Javier Germán Rodríguez-Carpena,
Félix Joel Ibarra-Arias,
Gastón Ramón Torrescano-Urrutia,
Armida Sánchez-Escalante
Affiliations
Brisa del Mar Torres-Martínez
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal (CTAOA), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
Rey David Vargas-Sánchez
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal (CTAOA), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
José Ángel Pérez-Alvarez
Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), 03312 Orihuela, Spain
Juana Fernández-López
Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), 03312 Orihuela, Spain
Manuel Viuda-Martos
Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental, Universidad Miguel Hernández (CIAGRO-UMH), 03312 Orihuela, Spain
Martin Esqueda
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal (CTAOA), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
Javier Germán Rodríguez-Carpena
Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Compostela 67300, Mexico
Félix Joel Ibarra-Arias
Alta Tecnología Industrial para la Salud Animal, S.A. de C.V. (ATISA), Gabino Barreda 1290, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico
Gastón Ramón Torrescano-Urrutia
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal (CTAOA), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
Armida Sánchez-Escalante
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal (CTAOA), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
Pleurotus ostreatus, due to its saprophytic nature, can extract nutrients and bioactive compounds from the substrate on which it is grown. This study aimed to assess the effect of adding spent coffee grounds (SCG) and potato peel (PPW) in the wheat straw substrate formulation to grow over the production indicators, physicochemical, techno-functional, total chemical compounds, and antioxidant properties. Treatments were described as follows: T1, wheat straw at 100%; T2, wheat straw at 80% + 10% of SCG + 10% of PPW; T3, wheat straw at 70% + 15% of SCG + 15% of PPW; T4, wheat straw at 60% + 20% of SCG + 20% of PPW. After P. ostreatus growth, non-differences were found in production indicators for T1–T4, including biological efficiency, production rate, and yield. With respect to P. ostreatus dried powders, T1–T4 showed pH values near neutrality concerning soy protein (SP), and the color samples were beige. Also, T2 and T3 exert higher water-holding (WHC) values, while T1–T4 exert higher oil-holding (OHC) and emulsifying capacity (EC) values concerning SP, in dependence on the growth substrate. T1–T4 showed lower swelling (SC) and T1–T3 lower gelling capacity (GC) values. Regarding total chemical compounds and antioxidant properties of P. ostreatus extracts, growth substrate and solvent extraction have an effect on metabolite content and antiradical and reducing power properties. The multivariate analysis revealed that T2 water extracts exert the highest total tannin (TTC) and protocatechuic acid contents (PAC), as well as the highest antiradical (RCSA) and reducing power (RPA) values. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that using SCG and PPW as a partial substitute for substrate (what straw) enhances the physicochemical, techno-functional, and antioxidant activity of P. ostreatus.