Material Basis Elucidation and Quantification of Dandelion through Spectrum–Effect Relationship Study between UHPLC Fingerprint and Antioxidant Activity via Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Ziru Liu,
Jiameng Qu,
Fan Ke,
Haotian Zhang,
Yiwen Zhang,
Qian Zhang,
Qing Li,
Kaishun Bi,
Huarong Xu
Affiliations
Ziru Liu
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Jiameng Qu
School of Traditional Chinese Material Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Fan Ke
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Haotian Zhang
School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Yiwen Zhang
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Qian Zhang
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Qing Li
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Kaishun Bi
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
Huarong Xu
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
The excessive expression of reactive oxygen species is closely connected to many diseases. Considerable studies have demonstrated dandelion as well as its ingredients exhibited antioxidant activity. However, specific material basis reflecting the antioxidant activity has not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, a spectrum–effect relationship study on dandelion between fingerprinting and antioxidant activity was analyzed in detail, while a UHPLC quantification method developed and completely validated for simultaneous determination of active ingredients in dandelion. With the establishment of dandelion fingerprints of different regions, 24 common peaks were characterized. The classic FRAP method and ABTS methods were then used to detect their antioxidant activity. Partial least squares regression analysis, bivariate correlation analysis and grey correlation method were used to accomplish the spectrum–effect relationship. Eventually, the ingredients with antioxidant activity which could be considered as candidate quality markers of dandelion were discovered through spectrum–effect relationship analysis. The six compounds including caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chicoric acid, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid C were quantitatively determined. The developed UHPLC assay method was accurate, precise, and reliable. The study has elucidated the antioxidant material basis of dandelion and provided a scientific basis for the quality control of dandelion.
