Short-term dietary choline supplementation alters the gut microbiota and liver metabolism of finishing pigs

Zhongwei Xie; Zhongwei Xie; Junhua Du; Junhua Du; Mailin Gan; Mailin Gan; Chengpeng Zhou; Chengpeng Zhou; Menglin Li; Menglin Li; Chengming Liu; Chengming Liu; Meng Wang; Meng Wang; Lei Chen; Lei Chen; Ye Zhao; Ye Zhao; Yan Wang; Yan Wang; Yanzhi Jiang; Yanzhi Jiang; Wenqiang Cheng; Kangping Zhu; Yi Luo; Li Zhu; Li Zhu; Linyuan Shen; Linyuan Shen

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1266042

Frontiers in Microbiology (Sep 2023)

Short-term dietary choline supplementation alters the gut microbiota and liver metabolism of finishing pigs

Zhongwei Xie,
Zhongwei Xie,
Junhua Du,
Junhua Du,
Mailin Gan,
Mailin Gan,
Chengpeng Zhou,
Chengpeng Zhou,
Menglin Li,
Menglin Li,
Chengming Liu,
Chengming Liu,
Meng Wang,
Meng Wang,
Lei Chen,
Lei Chen,
Ye Zhao,
Ye Zhao,
Yan Wang,
Yan Wang,
Yanzhi Jiang,
Yanzhi Jiang,
Wenqiang Cheng,
Kangping Zhu,
Yi Luo,
Li Zhu,
Li Zhu,
Linyuan Shen,
Linyuan Shen

Affiliations

Zhongwei Xie: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Zhongwei Xie: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Junhua Du: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Junhua Du: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Mailin Gan: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Mailin Gan: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Chengpeng Zhou: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Chengpeng Zhou: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Menglin Li: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Menglin Li: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Chengming Liu: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Chengming Liu: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Meng Wang: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Meng Wang: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Lei Chen: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Lei Chen: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Ye Zhao: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Ye Zhao: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Yan Wang: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Yan Wang: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Yanzhi Jiang: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Yanzhi Jiang: College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Wenqiang Cheng: National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing, China
Kangping Zhu: Sichuan Dekon Livestock Foodstuff Group, Shuangliu, China
Yi Luo: Sichuan Dekon Livestock Foodstuff Group, Shuangliu, China
Li Zhu: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Li Zhu: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Linyuan Shen: Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Linyuan Shen: State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1266042
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14

Abstract

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Choline is an essential nutrient for pig development and plays a role in the animal's growth performance, carcass characteristics, and reproduction aspects in weaned pigs and sows. However, the effect of choline on finishing pigs and its potential regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Here, we feed finishing pigs with 1% of the hydrochloride salt of choline, such as choline chloride (CHC), under a basic diet condition for a short period of time (14 days). A 14-day supplementation of CHC significantly increased final weight and carcass weight while having no effect on carcass length, average backfat, or eye muscle area compared with control pigs. Mechanically, CHC resulted in a significant alteration of gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs and a remarkably increased relative abundance of bacteria contributing to growth performance and health, including Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae, and Eubacterium. In addition, untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 84 differently abundant metabolites in the liver between CHC pigs and control pigs, of which most metabolites were mainly enriched in signaling pathways related to the improvement of growth, development, and health. Notably, there was no significant difference in the ability of oxidative stress resistance between the two groups, although increased bacteria and metabolites keeping balance in reactive oxygen species showed in finishing pigs after CHC supplementation. Taken together, our results suggest that a short-term supplementation of CHC contributes to increased body weight gain and carcass weight of finishing pigs, which may be involved in the regulation of gut microbiota and alterations of liver metabolism, providing new insights into the potential of choline-mediated gut microbiota/metabolites in improving growth performance, carcass characteristics, and health.

Published in Frontiers in Microbiology

ISSN: 1664-302X (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Microbiology
Website: http://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology

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