Facilities of a comprehensive examination in the diagnosis of benign breast diseases and breast cancer

Abstract

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive examination of women of different ages in the diagnosis of benign breast diseases and breast cancer (BC). Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of medical records (600 cases), questionnaires of 300 women, prospective analysis of the results of a comprehensive examination of 300 patients. Results. The link between low screening coverage and insufficient activity and awareness of the population has been established. The significance of various risk factors, including reproductive history, lifestyle, use of hormone therapy and heredity, for benign breast diseases and BC, has been clarified. It was shown that breast diseases are often combined with endometrial hyperplastic processes, uterine myoma, menstrual dysfunctions, severe lesions of the cervical epithelium and neuroendocrine diseases. The diagnostic efficiency of different examination methods and their combined use for the timely identification of BC and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases has been clarified. A high frequency of faults in the preparation of primary medical documentation was revealed, that impedes adequate assessment of risk factors and the formation of group for dispensary follow-up. Conclusion. It is necessary to correct measures for the secondary prevention of BC, including the formation, registration and dynamic follow-up of a cohort of women with a high risk for BC. One of the options for solving the issue of inadequate diagnosis for breast tumors can be a complex multiparametric approach to assessing the reproductive system, including the assessment of risk factors, the combined use of ultrasound and X-ray examination methods, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy of primary and differential diagnostics, and the development of a personalized follow-up algorithm for women with high risk for benign breast diseases and BC.

Keywords

• oncology
• screening
• breast cancer
• complex diagnostics
• breast diseases