Evaluation of calcium hydroxide root canal filling materials by cone beam computed tomography and three-dimensional modeling

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of filling pastes in resin prototype primary molars by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D modeling. Materials and methods: The canals of 27 primary second molar teeth models were shaped with a rotary endodontic motor to file No. 30/04. The samples were randomly divided into three groups and filled with calcium hydroxide-distilled water, Viopex, and calcium hydroxide-propylene glycol, respectively (n=9). Pre-filling and post-filling CBCT images of the shaped canals were obtained, 3D models were reconstructed with MiMiCS® software and volume measurements were made in cubic millimeters (mm3). Differences between the volume of the shaped canals and filling materials were calculated as the miss-filling areas of various filling materials were also recorded. Dependent 2-group I-test, Bonferroni test, and one-way analysis were used for statistical analysis. Data were statistically analyzed at p<0.05 significance level by IBM SPSS 25 software. Results: Among the three root canal sealers, the filling capacity of the calcium hydroxide-propylene glycol group was found to be the highest (p=0.001). Conclusion: When calcium hydroxide mixed with propylene glycol was compared to calcium hydroxide alone, calcium hydroxide demonstrated a greater potential for root canals in primary maxillary second molar models. It is clear that clinical studies with follow-ups of the subjects will contribute to literature and clinical success.