Platelet indices as an assessment tool of septic acute kidney injury

Abstract

Platelet (PLT), one of blood cells, plays a major role in physiological and pathological processes such as coagulation, thrombosis, inflammation, and keeping the integrity of vascular endothelium. There are a group of parameters that are used to measure the total amount of PLTs, PLTs morphology, and proliferation. PLT indices are associated with the severity of illness and patients’ prognosis. It was reported that mean platelet volume (MPV) was raising synchronously with interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein in sepsis, and was correlated to the severity of the disease. We aimed to study PLT indices and its changes in sepsis and septic acute kidney injury (AKI) patients to assess the disease and its severity. The present study is a cross-sectional study, had been carried out at Menoufia University hospitals from August 2017 to August 2019. The various platelet indices [MPV, platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT)] are considered as outcome variables were compared among controls, cases with sepsis, and cases with sepsis associated AKI. Group I (31) cases with the clinical diagnosis of septic AKI, Group II (33) cases with the diagnosis of sepsis, and Group III (28) consecutive persons marked as negative in the output of the cell counter were taken as controls. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed. There were 15 men and 15 women for Group I (septic AKI), 17 males and 16 females for Group II (sepsis) and 15 men and 13 women healthy controls as a control group. According to PLT indices MPV, there was a significant statistical difference (P1 <0.01) between Group I and II of patients as it were12.06 ± 1.23, 11.01 ± 1.20, respectively, and PDW also there was a significant statistical difference (P1 <0.01) as it were16.01 ± 2.33, 13.97 ± 2.14, respectively, and PCT there was no significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore, there was a significant statistical difference between Group I and II of patients according to procalcitonin, TNF-α and IL-10. From these results, we conclude that there were a statistical significant difference between the patient groups of critically ill.