Analysis of reconditioning and hardening methods applied for the working tools of tillage machines

Abstract

It is shown that tillage machines operate under conditions of abrasive wear, and their durability is largely determined by the operational life of the working tools. The main working tools of a plow include an earth board, cultivators – blades, harrows – teeth and discs, seeders – seed shoe. The working tools of tillage machines are mainly subject to abrasive wear. The blade of the soil cutting tools during operation loses its operability due to abrasive wear and therefore it must be reconditioned. There are various methods of reconditioning and hardening of working tools that increase their wear resistance and durability. The paper analyzes the methods of reconditioning and hardening of working tools of tillage machines. The study was based on information materials from Russian scientific and educational organizations and industrial companies, test reports of tillage machines conducted by machine testing stations, factographic and documentary databases of Rosinformagrotech. The generalization and analysis of information made it possible to establish that welding a blade-patch with subsequent welding of the wear-resistant material Castolin PE1229 allows increasing the life of an earth board during operation in southern chernozem soils by 4.6-5.0 times. The application of epoxy-sand composites increases the durability of earth boards by 2.2-2.7 times. Carbo-vibro-arc hardening of duckfoot teeth allows increasing the time between failures by 2.1 times compared to the serial one. Plasma spraying of powder materials increases wear resistance of duckfoot teeth by 1.5 times, and the application of pulse electric contact heating during hardening of earth boards reduces the intensity of their wear in loamy soils by more than 17%.