ICE FORMATION IN THE KARAHASAN LAVA TUNNEL (MUŞ-MALAZGİRT)

Abstract

Upper shell harden by cooling down during flowing in topograph lava that rised on the Earth with various reasons from the depths of the Earth and interior section that cool down later continue its flowing. İt be called “Lava tube (tunnel)” spaces cylindrical that leave behind hot lavas that continue flowing under the upper shell. Ice caves occur in the caves that be chimney-shaped by freezing water that infiltrate on the caves ceiling and walls depending on the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor in the fields that winter is cold. Karahasan Lava tunnel is situated in Karahasan village. Karahasan village is situated in Malazgirt (Muş) town, in part of Up Murat-Van of Region of Eastern Anatolia of Turkey. There is no a research made in the literature about Karahasan lav tunnel. In this context, Purpose of the study is to research geographic factors that cause ice formation in the Karahasan lava tunnel. In accordance with this purpose, Materials of study are geological and topographic maps at various scales, meteorological data, literature data, 30 m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and field studies. These provided maps were analysised in GIS environment and were got physical, geological, temperature and precipitation maps of the study area. Data that were got in office work were synthesized with fieldwork data. In the event, basic factors that cause ice formation are geographical location conditions of Karahasan lava tunnel and its immediate surroundings, annual temperature differences, topographic and orographic characteristics with the unique geometrical properties of the lava tunnel.

Keywords

• Karahasan
• Lava Tunnel
• Ice Cave
• Muş
• Malazgirt