Ultrasonication-Tailored Graphene Oxide of Varying Sizes in Multiple-Equilibrium-Route-Enhanced Adsorption for Aqueous Removal of Acridine Orange

Zhaoyang Han; Ling Sun; Yingying Chu; Jing Wang; Chenyu Wei; Yifang Liu; Qianlei Jiang; Changbao Han; Hui Yan; Xuemei Song

doi:10.3390/molecules28104179

Molecules (May 2023)

Ultrasonication-Tailored Graphene Oxide of Varying Sizes in Multiple-Equilibrium-Route-Enhanced Adsorption for Aqueous Removal of Acridine Orange

Zhaoyang Han,
Ling Sun,
Yingying Chu,
Jing Wang,
Chenyu Wei,
Yifang Liu,
Qianlei Jiang,
Changbao Han,
Hui Yan,
Xuemei Song

Affiliations

Zhaoyang Han: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Ling Sun: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Yingying Chu: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Jing Wang: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Chenyu Wei: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Yifang Liu: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Qianlei Jiang: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Changbao Han: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Hui Yan: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Xuemei Song: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104179
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 28, no. 10
p. 4179

Abstract

Read online

Graphene oxide (GO) has shown remarkable performance in the multiple-equilibrium-route adsorption (MER) process, which is characterized by further activation of GO through an in-situ reduction process based on single-equilibrium-route adsorption (SER), generating new adsorption sites and achieving an adsorption capacity increase. However, the effect of GO on MER adsorption in lateral size and thickness is still unclear. Here, GO sheets were sonicated for different lengths of time, and the adsorption of MER and SER was investigated at three temperatures to remove the typical cationic dye, acridine orange (AO). After sonication, we found that freshly prepared GO was greatly reduced in lateral size and thickness. In about 30 min, the thickness of GO decreased dramatically from several atomic layers to fewer atomic layers to a single atomic layer, which was completely stripped off; after that, the monolayer lateral size reduction dominated until it remained constant. Surface functional sites, such as hydroxyl groups, showed little change in the experiments. However, GO mainly reduces the C=O and C-O bonds in MER, except for the conjugated carbon backbone (C-C). The SER adsorption kinetics of all temperatures fitted the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, yet room temperature preferred the latter. An overall adsorption enhancement appeared as sonication time, but the equilibrium capacity of SER GO generally increased with thickness and decreased with the single-layer lateral size, while MER GO conversed concerning the thickness. The escalated temperature facilitated the exfoliation of GO regarding the adsorption mechanism. Thus, the isotherm behaviors of the SER GO changed from the Freundlich model to Langmuir as size and temperature changed, while the MER GO were all of the Freundlich. A record capacity of ~4.3 g of AO per gram of GO was obtained from the MER adsorption with a sixty-minute ultrasonicated GO at 313.15 K. This work promises a cornerstone for MER adsorption with GO as an adsorbent.

Published in Molecules

ISSN: 1420-3049 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules

About the journal

Abstract

Keywords