Vascular Health and Risk Management (Feb 2022)
Clinical Outcomes and Cardiovascular-Related Events in Young Diabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Abstract
Mohamad Jarrah,1 Nasr Alrabadi,2 Nashmi Al-Nusair,1 Karem H Alzoubi,3,4 Qasim Mhaidat,1 Mahasen Al-Najar,5 Ayman Hammoudeh6 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan; 3Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 5Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; 6Cardiology Department, Istishari Hospital, Amman, JordanCorrespondence: Mohamad Jarrah; Nasr Alrabadi, Tel +962795994247, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered a risk and prognostic factor for elderly patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, less is known about the characteristics of this relationship among younger patients in the Middle Eastern population.Objective: To explore the Clinical outcomes of cardiovascular-related events in young DM patients (≤ 50 years of age) during hospitalization and up to one year of follow-up.Methods: We compared the clinical features, in-hospital and one-year outcomes in young ACS diabetic patients with young ACS non-diabetic patients in 12 tertiary care centers in Jordan.Results: A total of 3517 ACS patients were included initially, 1031 of whom (29.3%) were < 50-year-old. Of those, 385 (37.3%) had DM. Compared with young non-diabetic patients, young diabetic patients were more likely to have a worse clinical baseline profile, which includes hypertension (53.2% vs 26.0%, p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (32.5% vs 19.5%, p < 0.001), and multivessel coronary artery disease (40.9% vs 32.0%, p = 0.03). Furthermore, the diabetic group had more females than males (14.0% vs 5.9%, p < 0.001) and a higher mean body mass index (28.8+4.7 kg/m 2 vs 27.9+4.0 kg/m2, p < 0.001). There were no differences between the two groups in the mortality rates during index hospitalization (0.39% vs 0.28%, p = 0.63) or at one-year follow-up (1.6% vs 0.6%, p = 0.41). Also, no significant differences were observed in the rates of stent thrombosis (1.95% vs 1.97%, p = 0.78) or readmission for ACS or coronary revascularization (10.8% vs 7.6%, p = 0.14).Conclusion: Despite a worse baseline clinical profile, young diabetic ACS patients did not have higher risks for in-hospital or one-year adverse cardiovascular events compared with the young non-diabetic ACS patients.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, acute coronary syndrome, cardiovascular events, in-hospital complications, one-year follow-up
