HADR: A Hybrid Adaptive Data Rate in LoRaWAN for Internet of Things

Abstract

Resource allocation (e.g., spreading factor and transmit power) to static and mobile Internet of Things (IoT) applications is significantly challenging. To meet the IoT application requirements, LoRaWAN assigns resources to static and mobile end devices (EDs) using an adaptive data rate (ADR) and blind ADR (BADR), respectively. However, these ADRs are designed for a particular application at a time (e.g., either ADR for static or BADR for mobile EDs). Therefore, to accommodate diverse IoT applications, we propose a novel approach called “hybrid ADR (HADR)” for allocating resources to static and mobile EDs. The proposed HADR finds the ED status (i.e., static or mobile) and executes a proper ADR concerning ED status. Simulation results show that HADR optimally allocates resources to static and mobile EDs simultaneously, which improves the packet success ratio up to 11% and 20% compared to ADR and BADR, respectively.

Keywords

• Internet of Things
• Adaptive data rate
• Blind ADR
• Hybrid ADR
• LoRa and loRaWAN
• Resource allocation