Shared and distinct neural signatures of feature and spatial attention
Anmin Yang,
Jinhua Tian,
Wenbo Wang,
Liqin Zhou,
Ke Zhou
Affiliations
Anmin Yang
Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Jinhua Tian
Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Wenbo Wang
Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Liqin Zhou
Correspondence to: Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Ke Zhou
Correspondence to: Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
The debate on whether feature attention (FA) and spatial attention (SA) share a common neural mechanism remains unresolved. Previous neuroimaging studies have identified fronto-parietal-temporal attention-related regions that exhibited consistent activation during various visual attention tasks. However, these studies have been limited by small sample sizes and methodological constraints inherent in univariate analysis. Here, we utilized a between-subject whole-brain machine learning approach with a large sample size (N=235) to investigate the neural signatures of FA (FAS) and SA (SAS). Both FAS and SAS showed cross-task predictive capabilities, though inter-task prediction was weaker than intra-task prediction, suggesting both shared and distinct mechanisms. Specifically, the frontoparietal network exhibited the highest predictive performance for FA, while the visual network excelled in predicting SA, highlighting their respective prominence in the two attention processes. Moreover, both signatures demonstrated distributed representations across large-scale brain networks, as each cluster within the signatures was sufficient for predicting FA and SA, but none of them were deemed necessary for either FA or SA. Our study challenges traditional network-centric models of attention, emphasizing distributed brain functioning in attention, and provides comprehensive evidence for shared and distinct neural mechanisms underlying FA and SA.
