Evolution of Safety Behavior of High-Power and High-Energy Commercial Li-Ion Cells after Electric Vehicle Aging
Pierre Kuntz,
Loïc Lonardoni,
Sylvie Genies,
Olivier Raccurt,
Philippe Azaïs
Affiliations
Pierre Kuntz
Entroview, 38400 Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France
Loïc Lonardoni
CEA—Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, LITEN—Laboratoire d’Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les Nanomatériaux, DEHT—Département de l’Electricité et de l’Hydrogène pour les Transports, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble, France
Sylvie Genies
CEA—Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, LITEN—Laboratoire d’Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les Nanomatériaux, DEHT—Département de l’Electricité et de l’Hydrogène pour les Transports, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble, France
Olivier Raccurt
CEA—Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, LITEN—Laboratoire d’Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les Nanomatériaux, DEHT—Département de l’Electricité et de l’Hydrogène pour les Transports, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble, France
Philippe Azaïs
CEA—Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, LITEN—Laboratoire d’Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les Nanomatériaux, DEHT—Département de l’Electricité et de l’Hydrogène pour les Transports, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble, France
The Li-ion battery is one of the key components in electric car development due to its performance in terms of energy density, power density and cyclability. However, this technology is likely to present safety problems with the appearance of cell thermal runaway, which can cause a car fire in the case of propagation in the battery pack. Today, standards describing safety compliance tests, which are a prerequisite for marketing Li-ion cells, are carried out on fresh cells only. It is therefore important to carry out research into the impact of cell aging on battery safety behavior in order to ensure security throughout the life of the battery, from manufacturing to recycling. In this article, the impact of Li-ion cell aging on safety is studied. Three commercial 18,650 cells with high-power and high-energy designs were aged using a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) aging profile in accordance with the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC 62-660. Several thermal (Accelerating Rate Calorimetry—ARC) and standardized safety (short-circuit, overcharge) tests were performed on fresh and aged cells. This study highlights the impact of aging on safety by comparing the safety behavior of fresh and aged cells with their aging conditions and the degradation mechanisms involved.
