El periodismo en Puebla durante el período de la Independencia. Un análisis de las perspectivas de la construcción nacional y de la identidad mexicana en La Abeja Poblana, El Farol y El Amigo del Pueblo

Abstract

Based on the thesis that the analysis of Mexican periodicals of the 19th century is excellently suited to a reconstruction of historical developments not only on a national, but also on regional and local levels, this article examines three newspapers of different political colours that were published in Puebla between 1820 and 1822, at the time of Mexico’s political disengagement from Spain: La Abeja Poblana, El Farol and El Amigo del Pueblo. Even though Puebla, along with the capital and Gudalajara, was an important place for the production of printed matter, the contribution of the newspapers published there to the independence process has not yet been evaluated. Accordingly, based on an analytical model for defining collective identity designs, this paper systematically examines all articles published in the aforementioned periodicals. This makes it possible, following the concept of «thick description» (Geertz), to record and evaluate in detail the historical circumstances of the Independencia and the political discourses prevailing at the time in the context of local and regional events. The focus is also on the genesis of those problems and contradictions that were to continue to have an impact long after 1821 in the course of the Mexican self-definition and nation-building.

Keywords

• mexico
• puebla
• 19th century
• periodicals
• independence
• iturbide
• nation-building
• identity
• la abeja poblana
• el farol
• el amigo del pueblo