A case of incomplete Kawasaki disease – A 2-month-old infant with 1 day of fever who developed multiple arterial aneurysms

Abstract

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis and is the most frequent pediatric acquired heart disease in developed countries. The diagnosis of KD is typically made by the ≧ 5 of 6 principal signs. However, approximately 20% of KD patients present with less than 5 of these diagnostic signs but may be suffering from coronary artery aneurysms and have been diagnosed with incomplete KD. In this case report, we describe a 2-month-old infant who showed just fever without any other signs of KD but was suffered from multiple arterial aneurysms, including coronary, pulmonary, and carotid arteries. Because she did not respond to intravenous immunoglobulin infusion, we placed her on plasma exchange that has successfully brought defervescence without any significant complications. This case may represent the end spectrum of incomplete KD in very young infants.

Keywords

• coronary aneurysm
• incomplete
• kawasaki disease
• plasma exchange
• vasculitis