Factors associated with occupational and non-occupational viral hepatitis infections in Brazil between 2007–2014

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: Viral hepatitis is an endemic and epidemic disease of relevance in public health. This study estimated the frequency of viral hepatitis by occupational and non-occupational infections and analyzed the factors associated with case notifications in Brazil from 2007 to 2014. Material and methods: This was an exploratory epidemiological study using the Notifiable Diseases Information System database. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: The frequency of viral hepatitis by occupational infections was 0.7%, of which 1.3% were due to hepatitis A virus (HAV), 45.1% hepatitis B virus (HBV), and 45.3% hepatitis C virus (HCV). There was a significant association of the disease with female sex [AOR = 1.31; P = 0.048], schooling [AOR = 1.71; P < 0.001], occupation [AOR = 2.74; P < 0.001], previous contact with an HBV or HCV-infected patient [AOR = 5.77; P < 0.001], exposure to accidents with biological materials [AOR = 99.82; P < 0.001], and hepatitis B vaccination [AOR = 0.73; P = 0.033]. Conclusion: While there was a low frequency of viral hepatitis by occupational infections in Brazil from 2007 to 2014, these findings might be underreported and have been associated with individual and occupational characteristics. This reinforces the need for the adoption of prevention strategies in the workplace and for completeness of case notifications.

Keywords

• Communicable diseases
• Epidemiology
• Disease notification
• Work