Free Electron Laser High Gain Equation and Harmonic Generation

Abstract

The FEL integral equation is reviewed here and is studied under different contexts, accounting for diverse physical regimes. We include higher order harmonics and saturation effects, and explain the origin of scaling relations, widely exploited to describe either FEL dynamics or nonnlinear harmonic generation.

Keywords

• free electron laser 78a60
• Volterra integral equations (45)D05
• non linear harmonic generation laser dynamics
• oscillators
• amplifiers 81V99