Methodologies for alternative jet fuels testing on small-scale reaction engines

Abstract

The aviation industry increasingly recognizes that achieving climate neutrality is evolving into a fundamental and enduring asset for long-term competitiveness. In light of this, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the methodologies used to test alternative jet fuels (AJF) for aviation, which are renewable energy sources with the potential to replace conventional petroleum-derived fuels. It presents the types of AJF tested, focusing on the distinction between drop-in fuels and others. The article encapsulates the results from these tests, particularly concerning the performance and emissions aspects of the biojets, and their impact on engine materials and components. It outlines the equipment and techniques utilized in these tests, highlighting the advantages of using assemblies with miniature engines or combustors for a faster, easier, and more cost-effective preliminary assessment of biojet fuels. The paper also addresses future research directions, such as investigating the long-term impacts on engine lifespan and maintenance, and the potential to increase the blending ratio with conventional fuel. Lastly, it provides an overview of the situation in Colombia, where palm oil biodiesel has been tested, and points out the need for further research on other types of biojets for aviation.

Keywords

• Alternative fuels
• micro-turbines
• gaseous emissions
• engine performance
• testing technique