Risk of Water-Borne Diseases Outbreak amidst Heatwave in Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

At least 450 people have died and several others have been hospitalized over four days (22-26 June, 2024) due to the terrible heatwaves that Karachi, Pakistan, is experiencing, with temperatures surpassing 40°C. The Sindh government responded by setting up 77 camps to provide vital hydration during heatwaves. However, these attempts are hampered by Pakistan’s severe drinking water problem, a major problem due to the water’s high concentration of harmful substances and bacteria. 33% of deaths and 20-40% of all diseases, including cholera and typhoid, are caused by contaminated water. Research shows that there is considerable pollution present even in filtered water, with a high proportion of contaminated samples in Karachi, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad. During this prolonged heat crisis, the quality of the water in relief camps must be immediately assessed to minimize further health risks and possible disease outbreaks. There is an immediate need for improved water management and safety measures.

Keywords

• heatwave mortality
• karachi heat crisis
• waterborne diseases
• water quality assessment
• heat relief camps