The influence of thermodynamic parameters on alkaline activator of geopolymers and structure of geopolymers

Abstract

Thermodynamic parameters (densities, viscosities, speed of sound, and refractive index) of four series of alkaline activators were determined over the temperature range from 15 to 60 °C for the process of geopolymerization. Mixtures of Na2SiO3and NaOH of different molar concentrations (from 2M to 8M with step 2) were used as an alkaline activator. The sample with the highest NaOH concentrationalso shows the highest values of all thermodynamic parameters.Metakaolin, obtained by calcination of kaolin at 750 °C, was used as the starting material.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) Spectroscopy. Results of FTIR analysis correlated with results of Raman Spectroscopy. Due to the polymerization process, the changes in the phonon spectrum were confirmed. The different concentra-tions of activators do not notably change the Si/Al ratio.

Keywords

• Geopolymer
• Density
• Viscosity
• Speed of sound
• Refractive index
• FTIR