Multi-objective optimization of vehicle body B-pillar lower joints based on crashworthiness analysis

Abstract

The joints in an automobile’s body structure are crucial in bearing loads and transmitting stresses, thereby significantly affecting the body’s rigidity. To effectively improve body rigidity and crashworthiness, this study employed a sensitivity analysis to identify the critical joints among the nine joints of a specific sport utility vehicle (SUV) body. Following regulatory requirements, collision simulations were performed, revealing that the joint below the B-pillar exhibited the most significant deformation. Thus, using the material and thickness of the B-pillar’s lower joint as design variables, experimental samples were generated by the design of experiment (DOE). A multi-objective optimization for the B-pillar’s lower joint model was conducted using the response surface method and the simulated annealing algorithm to determine the final optimized solution. The optimization results showed a 9.31% increase in body bending stiffness, an 11.37% increase in torsional stiffness, and reduced intrusion at various points on the B-pillar, effectively enhancing the body’s rigidity and crashworthiness.