Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement (Jan 2011)

Exclusion du chlorure et inclusion du sodium : deux mécanismes concomitants de tolérance à la salinité chez la vigne sauvage Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (var. 'Séjnène')

  • Hamrouni, L.,
  • Hanana, M.,
  • Abdelly, C.,
  • Ghorbel, A.

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15, no. 3
pp. 387 – 400

Abstract

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Chloride exclusion and sodium inclusion: two concomitant mechanisms of salt tolerance in Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (var. 'Séjnène') wild type grapevine. In order to select and identify grapevine genotypes tolerant to salinity, we analyzed and evaluated, in a preliminary attempt, the behavior of 'Séjnène' wildtype against salt constraint. In this respect, homogen plants obtained from cutting were cultivated in pots filled with sandy soil and irrigated with nutritive solution added with 100 mM NaCl. Cultures were conducted under controlled greenhouse. After 75 days of treatment, measures were realized on the physiological parameters related to plant growth and mineral content (Na+, Cl-, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) of the different organs. Our results showed that for 'Séjnène', salinity tolerance is tightly related to its vigor, and the physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance are based on its ability to maintain the photosynthetic activity despite of the stress and its capacity to accumulate and store the sodium in the upper part of the plant (especially in the old basal leaves). Chloride exclusion with restriction to its entry and uptake, osmotic adjustment via leaf potassium accumulation, salt stress signalization and cellular protection of components through leaf calcium accumulation represent additional mechanisms of salt tolerance.

Keywords