Breath volatile metabolome reveals the impact of dietary fibres on the gut microbiota: Proof of concept in healthy volunteers
Audrey M. Neyrinck,
Julie Rodriguez,
Zhengxiao Zhang,
Julie-Anne Nazare,
Laure B. Bindels,
Patrice D. Cani,
Véronique Maquet,
Martine Laville,
Stephan C. Bischoff,
Jens Walter,
Nathalie M. Delzenne
Affiliations
Audrey M. Neyrinck
Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), avenue E. Mounier box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
Julie Rodriguez
Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), avenue E. Mounier box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
Zhengxiao Zhang
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
Julie-Anne Nazare
Rhône-Alpes Research Center for Human Nutrition, CarMeN Laboratory, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université-Lyon, France
Laure B. Bindels
Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), avenue E. Mounier box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
Patrice D. Cani
Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), avenue E. Mounier box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; WELBIO- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
Véronique Maquet
KitoZyme, Parc Industriel des Hauts-Sart, Zone 2, Rue de Milmort 680, Herstal 4040, Belgium
Martine Laville
Rhône-Alpes Research Center for Human Nutrition, CarMeN Laboratory, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université-Lyon, France
Stephan C. Bischoff
Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
Jens Walter
Department of Medicine, APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Nathalie M. Delzenne
Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), avenue E. Mounier box B1.73.11, Brussels B-1200, Belgium; Corresponding author.
Summary: Background: Current data suggest that dietary fibre (DF) interaction with the gut microbiota largely contributes to their physiological effects. The bacterial fermentation of DF leads to the production of metabolites, most of them are volatile. This study analyzed the breath volatile metabolites (BVM) profile in healthy individuals (n=15) prior and after a 3-week intervention with chitin-glucan (CG, 4.5 g/day), an insoluble fermentable DF. Methods: The present exploratory study presents the original data related to the secondary outcomes, notably the analysis of BVM. BVM were analyzed throughout the test days -in fasting state and after standardized meals - using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). BVM production was correlated to the gut microbiota composition (Illumina sequencing, primary outcome), analyzed before and after the intervention. Findings: The data reveal that the post-prandial state versus fasting state is a key determinant of BVM fingerprint. Correlation analyses with fecal microbiota spotlighted butyrate-producing bacteria, notably Faecalibacterium, as dominant bacteria involved in butyrate and other BVM expiration. CG intervention promotes interindividual variations of fasting BVM, and decreases or delays the expiration of most exhaled BVM in favor of H2 expiration, without any consequence on gastrointestinal tolerance. Interpretation: Assessing BVM is a non-invasive methodology allowing to analyze the influence of DF intervention on the gut microbiota. Funding: FiberTAG project was initiated from a European Joint Programming Initiative “A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life” (JPI HDHL) and was supported by the Service Public de Wallonie (SPW-EER, convention 1610365, Belgium).
