Geoscientific Model Development (Mar 2020)
Overview of the PALM model system 6.0
- B. Maronga,
- B. Maronga,
- S. Banzhaf,
- C. Burmeister,
- T. Esch,
- R. Forkel,
- D. Fröhlich,
- V. Fuka,
- K. F. Gehrke,
- J. Geletič,
- S. Giersch,
- T. Gronemeier,
- G. Groß,
- W. Heldens,
- A. Hellsten,
- F. Hoffmann,
- F. Hoffmann,
- F. Hoffmann,
- A. Inagaki,
- E. Kadasch,
- F. Kanani-Sühring,
- K. Ketelsen,
- B. A. Khan,
- C. Knigge,
- C. Knigge,
- H. Knoop,
- P. Krč,
- M. Kurppa,
- H. Maamari,
- A. Matzarakis,
- M. Mauder,
- M. Pallasch,
- D. Pavlik,
- J. Pfafferott,
- J. Resler,
- S. Rissmann,
- E. Russo,
- E. Russo,
- E. Russo,
- M. Salim,
- M. Salim,
- M. Schrempf,
- J. Schwenkel,
- G. Seckmeyer,
- S. Schubert,
- M. Sühring,
- R. von Tils,
- R. von Tils,
- L. Vollmer,
- L. Vollmer,
- S. Ward,
- B. Witha,
- B. Witha,
- H. Wurps,
- J. Zeidler,
- S. Raasch
Affiliations
- B. Maronga
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- B. Maronga
- Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- S. Banzhaf
- Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- C. Burmeister
- GEO-NET Environmental Services GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- T. Esch
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
- R. Forkel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- D. Fröhlich
- Research Center Human Biometeorology, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Freiburg, Germany
- V. Fuka
- Department of Atmospheric Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- K. F. Gehrke
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- J. Geletič
- Institute of Computer Science, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- S. Giersch
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- T. Gronemeier
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- G. Groß
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- W. Heldens
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
- A. Hellsten
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- F. Hoffmann
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- F. Hoffmann
- currently at: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- F. Hoffmann
- currently at: NOAA Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO, USA
- A. Inagaki
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- E. Kadasch
- Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
- F. Kanani-Sühring
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- K. Ketelsen
- Software Consultant, Berlin, Germany
- B. A. Khan
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- C. Knigge
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- C. Knigge
- Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany
- H. Knoop
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- P. Krč
- Institute of Computer Science, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- M. Kurppa
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- H. Maamari
- Ingenieurgesellschaft Prof. Dr. Sieker mbH, Hoppegarten, Germany
- A. Matzarakis
- Research Center Human Biometeorology, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Freiburg, Germany
- M. Mauder
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- M. Pallasch
- Ingenieurgesellschaft Prof. Dr. Sieker mbH, Hoppegarten, Germany
- D. Pavlik
- GEO-NET Environmental Services GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- J. Pfafferott
- Hochschule Offenburg, Offenburg, Germany
- J. Resler
- Institute of Computer Science, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- S. Rissmann
- Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- E. Russo
- Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- E. Russo
- currently at: Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- E. Russo
- currently at: Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- M. Salim
- Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- M. Salim
- Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- M. Schrempf
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- J. Schwenkel
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- G. Seckmeyer
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- S. Schubert
- Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- M. Sühring
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- R. von Tils
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- R. von Tils
- GEO-NET Environmental Services GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- L. Vollmer
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, ForWind – Research Center of Wind Energy, Oldenburg, Germany
- L. Vollmer
- currently at: Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems, Oldenburg, Germany
- S. Ward
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- B. Witha
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, ForWind – Research Center of Wind Energy, Oldenburg, Germany
- B. Witha
- currently at: energy & meteo systems GmbH, Oldenburg, Germany
- H. Wurps
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, ForWind – Research Center of Wind Energy, Oldenburg, Germany
- J. Zeidler
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
- S. Raasch
- Institute of Meteorology and Climatology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1335-2020
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 13
pp. 1335 – 1372
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the PALM model system 6.0. PALM (formerly an abbreviation for Parallelized Large-eddy Simulation Model and now an independent name) is a Fortran-based code and has been applied for studying a variety of atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for about 20 years. The model is optimized for use on massively parallel computer architectures. This is a follow-up paper to the PALM 4.0 model description in Maronga et al. (2015). During the last years, PALM has been significantly improved and now offers a variety of new components. In particular, much effort was made to enhance the model with components needed for applications in urban environments, like fully interactive land surface and radiation schemes, chemistry, and an indoor model. This paper serves as an overview paper of the PALM 6.0 model system and we describe its current model core. The individual components for urban applications, case studies, validation runs, and issues with suitable input data are presented and discussed in a series of companion papers in this special issue.
