Factors determining successful treatment outcome among notified tuberculosis patients in Belagavi district of North Karnataka, India

Abstract

Introduction: Indian government has implemented various strategies to track newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) cases and ensure follow-up for registered cases. Appropriate measures have been adapted to combat the spread of TB. Success of the treatment determines the effectiveness of the national TB control program. Aim: Present study analyzed the recorded data to study the clinico-epidemiological profile and explore the factors that might influence treatment outcome among notified tuberculosis patients. Design and settings: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using secondary data in Belagavi district. Subjects and methods: Data of TB patients notified and registered under Nikshay portal in the year 2019 were collected from the district tuberculosis office and factors influencing treatment outcome were analyzed. Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The study revealed that females, younger age group, absence of comorbidities, having extra-pulmonary TB, smear-negative pulmonary TB, and new TB patients exhibited a statistically significant association with successful treatment outcome. Conclusion: In the study area, the mean treatment success rate (83.8 %) aligned with the national success rate of 82 %. Early detection of tuberculosis may help in increasing treatment success rates. Delivering comprehensive counseling to TB patients regarding the disease, its treatment and management plays a decisive role in achieving successful treatment outcomes.

Keywords

• Pulmonary tuberculosis
• Treatment outcome
• Treatment success
• Tuberculosis