Journal of Pain Research (Aug 2018)
Opioid use prior to knee arthroplasty in patients who catastrophize about their pain: preoperative data from a multisite randomized clinical trial
Abstract
Daniel L Riddle,1 James D Slover,2 Dennis C Ang,3 Matthew J Bair,4 Kurt Kroenke,5 Robert A Perera,6 Levent Dumenci7 1Departments of Physical Therapy, Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; 3Department of Rheumatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA; 4Department of Medicine, VA Center for Health Information and Communication, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 5Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 6Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; 7College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Background: Opioid use rates prior to knee arthroplasty (KA) among people who catastrophize about their pain are unknown. We determined prevalence of opioid use and compared patterns of preoperative opioid use and oral morphine equivalent (OME), a measure of daily opioid dose, across varied geographic sites. We also determined which baseline variables were associated with opioid use and OME.Patients and methods: Preoperative opioid use data described type of opioid, dosage, and frequency among 397 patients scheduled for KA. Demographic, knee-related pain, and psychological distress dimensions were examined to identify variables associated with opioid use and opioid dose (OME). Opioid use prevalence and OME were compared across the four sites. A three-level censored regression determined variables associated with opioid use and OME.Results: The overall opioid use prevalence was 31.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 27.0, 36.3) and varied across sites from 15.9% (95% CI = 9.0, 22.8) to 51.2% (95% CI = 40.5, 61.9). After adjustment, patients using opioids were more likely to be younger, African American, and have higher self-efficacy and comorbidity scores (P < 0.05). The only variable independently associated with OME was lower depressive symptoms (P < 0.05).Conclusion: People who catastrophized prior to KA did not demonstrate increased preoperative opioid use based on current evidence, but variation in the prevalence of opioid use across study sites was substantial. Variables associated with opioid use were non-modifiable demographic and comorbidity variables. Keywords: pain, catastrophizing, opioid, knee, arthroplasty
