Molecular phylogeny of Anopheles nivipes based on mtDNA-COII and mosquito diversity in Cambodia-Laos border

Yilong Zhang; Canglin Zhang; Rui Yang; Chunhai Luo; Yan Deng; Yan Liu; Yilong Zhang; Hongning Zhou; Dongmei Zhang

doi:10.1186/s12936-022-04121-w

Malaria Journal (Mar 2022)

Molecular phylogeny of Anopheles nivipes based on mtDNA-COII and mosquito diversity in Cambodia-Laos border

Yilong Zhang,
Canglin Zhang,
Rui Yang,
Chunhai Luo,
Yan Deng,
Yan Liu,
Yilong Zhang,
Hongning Zhou,
Dongmei Zhang

Affiliations

Yilong Zhang: Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University
Canglin Zhang: Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention (Developing)
Rui Yang: Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention (Developing)
Chunhai Luo: Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention (Developing)
Yan Deng: Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention (Developing)
Yan Liu: Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention (Developing)
Yilong Zhang: Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University
Hongning Zhou: Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention (Developing)
Dongmei Zhang: Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04121-w
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 21, no. 1
pp. 1 – 12

Abstract

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Abstract Background Few studies have been conducted to investigate the distribution of mosquito vectors and the population structure of secondary vectors in the border region of Cambodia-Laos. The aim of this work was to study the mosquito diversity and molecular phylogeny of secondary vectors, i.e., Anopheles nivipes in this area. Methods 1440 adult mosquitoes were trapped in the Cambodia-Laos border. mtDNA-COII were amplified and sequenced from 53 An. nivipes DNA samples. Together with COII sequences deposited in GenBank, a total of 86 COII sequences were used for examining population variations, genetic differentiation, spatial population structure, population expansion, and gene flow patterns. Results The adult mosquitoes were classified into 5 genera and 27 species in this border region. The predominant genera were Culex (60.07%, 865/1440) and Anopheles (31.25%, 450/1440), and the major Anopheles species were An. nivipes (73.56%, 331/450) and Anopheles maculatus (14.22%, 64/450). Based on sequences analysis of COII, a high level of genetic differentiation was reported in two Northwest India (Cheema and Bathinda, Punjab) and Cambodia-Laos (Siem Pang, Stung treng) populations (F ST = 0.97824, 0.97343, P < 0.05), as well as lower gene flow (Nm = 0.01112, 0.01365) in the An. nivipes populations. Phylogenetic analysis and SAMOVA revealed a gene barrier restricting gene flow among three An. nivipes populations. Mantel test suggested a significant correlation between geography and gene distance in all An. nivipes populations (Z = 44,983.1865, r = 0.5575, P = 0.0070). Neutrality test and Mismatch distribution revealed a recent population expansion of An. nivipes in the Cambodia-Laos population. Conclusions Anopheles nivipes was one of the major Anopheles species in the Cambodia-Laos border. Based on sequences analysis of COII, a genetic barrier between Cambodia-Laos and two Indian populations was found, and a recent population expanding or selecting of An. nivipes occurred in the Cambodia-Laos population, suggesting that COII might be an effective marker for describing the molecular phylogeny of An. nivipes. Further investigation and continuous surveillance of An. nivipes are warranted in this region.

Published in Malaria Journal

ISSN: 1475-2875 (Online)
Publisher: BMC
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Special situations and conditions: Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; Medicine: Internal medicine: Infectious and parasitic diseases
Website: https://malariajournal.biomedcentral.com/

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