Benzofuranyl Esters: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Determination, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
C. S. Chidan Kumar,
Li Yee Then,
Tze Shyang Chia,
Siddegowda Chandraju,
Yip-Foo Win,
Shaida Fariza Sulaiman,
Nurul Shafiqah Hashim,
Kheng Leong Ooi,
Ching Kheng Quah,
Hoong-Kun Fun
Affiliations
C. S. Chidan Kumar
X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
Li Yee Then
X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
Tze Shyang Chia
X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
Siddegowda Chandraju
Department of Sugar Technology & Chemistry, University of Mysore, Sir M. V. PG Center, Tubinakere, Mandya 571402, Karnataka, India
Yip-Foo Win
Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak Campus, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
Shaida Fariza Sulaiman
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
Nurul Shafiqah Hashim
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
Kheng Leong Ooi
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
Ching Kheng Quah
X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
Hoong-Kun Fun
X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
A series of five new 2‐(1‐benzofuran‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl 4-(un/substituted)benzoates 4(a–e), with the general formula of C8H5O(C=O)CH2O(C=O)C6H4X, X = H, Cl, CH3, OCH3 or NO2, was synthesized in high purity and good yield under mild conditions. The synthesized products 4(a–e) were characterized by FTIR, 1H-, 13C- and 1H-13C HMQC NMR spectroscopic analysis and their 3D structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The tested compounds showed antimicrobial ability in the order of 4b < 4a < 4c < 4d < 4e and the highest potency with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 125 µg/mL was observed for 4e. The results of antioxidant activities revealed the highest activity for compound 4e (32.62% ± 1.34%) in diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 4d (31.01% ± 4.35%) in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and 4a (27.11% ± 1.06%) in metal chelating (MC) activity.
