Propeller flap for reconstruction of sequelae in lower limbs

Abstract

Introduction: The propeller flap is a type of local flap based on perforating vessels. It has several advantages, such as the reconstruction of tissues similar to the original, less morbidity of the donor area, maintenance of the main vessels of the region and the possibility of a wide rotation arc (up to 180º). However, it is subject to complications, the most worrisome being partial or total necrosis of the flap. Methods: A retrospective study of a series of three cases of lower limb trauma sequelae treated with helix flaps. Results: Helical flaps reduce surgical time, hospitalization days, and costs. However, they are not free of complications, with partial necrosis occurring in 10.5 to 11% and total necrosis in 1 to 5%. Other complications described are epidermolysis (3.5%) and transient venous congestion (3%). In the cases described, they evolved without complications. Classically, lower limb defects, especially in the distal third, are indicated for reconstruction with microsurgical flaps. Conclusion: Propeller flaps may be an alternative in these cases, especially in small and moderate defects. There are still no studies directly comparing these two techniques, but some valuable information is already available, such as the similarity between the percentages of total necrosis between the techniques.

Keywords

• flap perforator
• lower extremity
• wounds and injuries
• reconstructive surgical procedures
• scar