The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
EMPRESS. XII. Statistics on the Dynamics and Gas Mass Fraction of Extremely Metal-poor Galaxies
- Yi Xu,
- Masami Ouchi,
- Yuki Isobe,
- Kimihiko Nakajima,
- Shinobu Ozaki,
- Nicolas F. Bouché,
- John H. Wise,
- Eric Emsellem,
- Haruka Kusakabe,
- Takashi Hattori,
- Tohru Nagao,
- Gen Chiaki,
- Hajime Fukushima,
- Yuichi Harikane,
- Kohei Hayashi,
- Yutaka Hirai,
- Ji Hoon Kim,
- Michael V. Maseda,
- Kentaro Nagamine,
- Takatoshi Shibuya,
- Yuma Sugahara,
- Hidenobu Yajima,
- Shohei Aoyama,
- Seiji Fujimoto,
- Keita Fukushima,
- Shun Hatano,
- Akio K. Inoue,
- Tsuyoshi Ishigaki,
- Masahiro Kawasaki,
- Takashi Kojima,
- Yutaka Komiyama,
- Shuhei Koyama,
- Yusei Koyama,
- Chien-Hsiu Lee,
- Akinori Matsumoto,
- Ken Mawatari,
- Takashi J. Moriya,
- Kentaro Motohara,
- Kai Murai,
- Moka Nishigaki,
- Masato Onodera,
- Yoshiaki Ono,
- Michael Rauch,
- Tomoki Saito,
- Rin Sasaki,
- Akihiro Suzuki,
- Tsutomu T. Takeuchi,
- Hiroya Umeda,
- Masayuki Umemura,
- Kuria Watanabe,
- Kiyoto Yabe,
- Yechi Zhang
Affiliations
- Yi Xu
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Masami Ouchi
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Yuki Isobe
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Kimihiko Nakajima
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Shinobu Ozaki
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Nicolas F. Bouché
- ORCiD
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574 , F-69230 Saint-Genis-Laval France
- John H. Wise
- ORCiD
- Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Eric Emsellem
- ORCiD
- Université Lyon, Université Lyon1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574 , F-69230 Saint-Genis-Laval France; European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Haruka Kusakabe
- ORCiD
- Observatoire de Genéve, Université de Genéve , 51 Ch. des Maillettes, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- Takashi Hattori
- ORCiD
- Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) , 650 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Tohru Nagao
- ORCiD
- Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution, Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
- Gen Chiaki
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Hajime Fukushima
- ORCiD
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Ten-nodai, 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Yuichi Harikane
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Kohei Hayashi
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; National Institute of Technology, Ichinoseki College , Hagisho, Ichinoseki, 021-8511, Japan; Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University , 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Yutaka Hirai
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University , 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame , 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Ji Hoon Kim
- ORCiD
- Astronomy Program, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; SNU Astronomy Research Center, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Michael V. Maseda
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin–Madison , 475 N. Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Kentaro Nagamine
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan; Theoretical Astrophysics, Department of Earth & Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nevada , Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4002, USA
- Takatoshi Shibuya
- Kitami Institute of Technology , 165 Koen-cho, Kitami, Hokkaido 090-8507, Japan
- Yuma Sugahara
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering , Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Hidenobu Yajima
- ORCiD
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Ten-nodai, 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Shohei Aoyama
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Institute of Management and Information Technologies, Chiba University , 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ward, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
- Seiji Fujimoto
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Lyngbyvej2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Keita Fukushima
- Theoretical Astrophysics, Department of Earth & Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Shun Hatano
- Department of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan
- Akio K. Inoue
- ORCiD
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering , Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; Department of Physics, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Tsuyoshi Ishigaki
- Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University 3-18-34 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
- Masahiro Kawasaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Takashi Kojima
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Yutaka Komiyama
- ORCiD
- Department of Advanced Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Hosei University , 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan
- Shuhei Koyama
- Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan
- Yusei Koyama
- ORCiD
- Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) , 650 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Department of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan
- Chien-Hsiu Lee
- ORCiD
- W.M. Keck Observatory , Kamuela, HI 96743, USA
- Akinori Matsumoto
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Ken Mawatari
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Takashi J. Moriya
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Kentaro Motohara
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Institute of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, Japan
- Kai Murai
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]
- Moka Nishigaki
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan
- Masato Onodera
- ORCiD
- Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) , 650 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Department of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan
- Yoshiaki Ono
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]
- Michael Rauch
- ORCiD
- Carnegie Observatories , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
- Tomoki Saito
- Nishi-Harima Astronomical Observatory, Centre for Astronomy, University of Hyogo , 407-2 Nishigaichi, Sayo, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5313, Japan
- Rin Sasaki
- Department of Physical Science and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University 3-18-34 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
- Akihiro Suzuki
- ORCiD
- Research Center for the Early Universe, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Tsutomu T. Takeuchi
- ORCiD
- Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan; The Research Center for Statistical Machine Learning, The Institute of Statistical Mathematics , 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8562, Japan
- Hiroya Umeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Masayuki Umemura
- ORCiD
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Ten-nodai, 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Kuria Watanabe
- Department of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan
- Kiyoto Yabe
- ORCiD
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Yechi Zhang
- ORCiD
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan ; [email protected]; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad06ab
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 961,
no. 1
p. 49
Abstract
We present the demography of the dynamics and gas mass fraction of 33 extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs) with metallicities of 0.015–0.195 Z _⊙ and low stellar masses of 10 ^4 –10 ^8 M _⊙ in the local universe. We conduct deep optical integral field spectroscopy (IFS) for the low-mass EMPGs with the medium-high resolution ( R = 7500) grism of the 8 m Subaru FOCAS IFU instrument by the EMPRESS 3D survey, and investigate the H α emission of the EMPGs. Exploiting the resolution high enough for the low-mass galaxies, we derive gas dynamics with the H α lines by the fitting of three-dimensional disk models. We obtain an average maximum rotation velocity ( v _rot ) of 15 ± 3 km s ^−1 and an average intrinsic velocity dispersion ( σ _0 ) of 27 ± 10 km s ^−1 for 15 spatially resolved EMPGs out of 33 EMPGs, and find that all 15 EMPGs have v _rot / σ _0 < 1 suggesting dispersion-dominated systems. There is a clear decreasing trend of v _rot / σ _0 with the decreasing stellar mass and metallicity. We derive the gas mass fraction ( f _gas ) for all 33 EMPGs, and find no clear dependence on stellar mass and metallicity. These v _rot / σ _0 and f _gas trends should be compared with young high- z galaxies observed by the forthcoming JWST IFS programs to understand the physical origins of the EMPGs in the local universe.
Keywords
