Qualitative Chemical Characterization and Multidirectional Biological Investigation of Leaves and Bark Extracts of <i>Anogeissus leiocarpus</i> (DC.) Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae)
Giustino Orlando,
Claudio Ferrante,
Gokhan Zengin,
Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan,
Kouadio Bene,
Alina Diuzheva,
József Jekő,
Zoltán Cziáky,
Simonetta Di Simone,
Lucia Recinella,
Annalisa Chiavaroli,
Sheila Leone,
Luigi Brunetti,
Carene Marie Nancy Picot-Allain,
Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally,
Luigi Menghini
Affiliations
Giustino Orlando
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Claudio Ferrante
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Gokhan Zengin
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
Kouadio Bene
Laboratoire de Botanique et Phytothérapie, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Ivory Coast
Alina Diuzheva
Department of Forest Protection and Entomology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
József Jekő
Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary
Zoltán Cziáky
Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary
Simonetta Di Simone
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Lucia Recinella
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Annalisa Chiavaroli
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Sheila Leone
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Luigi Brunetti
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Carene Marie Nancy Picot-Allain
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
Luigi Menghini
Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) has a long history of use by folk populations for the management of multiple human ailments. Based on the published literature, there has been no attempt to conduct a comparative assessment of the biological activity and the phytochemical profiles of the leaves and stem bark of A. leiocarpus extracted using methanol, ethyl acetate, and water. By high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ESI-MSn) analysis, quinic, shikimic, gallic, and protocatechuic acids were tentatively identified from all the extracts, while chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic, and dodecanedioic acids were only characterised from the leaves extracts. Additionally, a pharmacological study was carried out to evaluate potential protective effects that are induced by the extracts in rat colon and colon cancer HCT116 cell line. In general, the methanol and water extracts of A. leiocarpus leaves and stem bark showed potent radical scavenging and reducing properties. It was noted that the stem bark extracts were more potent antioxidants as compared to the leaves extracts. The methanol extract of A. leiocarpus leaves showed the highest acetyl (4.68 mg galantamine equivalent/g) and butyryl (4.0 mg galantamine equivalent/g) cholinesterase inhibition. Among ethyl acetate extracts, the pharmacological investigation suggested stem bark ethyl acetate extracts to be the most promising. This extract revealed ability to protect rat colon from lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress, without exerting promoting effects on HCT116 cell line viability and migration. As a conclusion, A. leiocarpus represents a potential source of bioactive compounds in the development of novel therapeutic agents.
