Onco-Pathogen Mediated Cancer Progression and Associated Signaling Pathways in Cancer Development
Sandra Kannampuzha,
Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan,
Hafiza Padinharayil,
Reema Rose Alappat,
Kavya V. Anilkumar,
Alex George,
Abhijit Dey,
Balachandar Vellingiri,
Harishkumar Madhyastha,
Raja Ganesan,
Thiyagarajan Ramesh,
Rama Jayaraj,
D. S. Prabakaran
Affiliations
Sandra Kannampuzha
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
Hafiza Padinharayil
Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680596, India
Reema Rose Alappat
Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680596, India
Kavya V. Anilkumar
Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680596, India
Alex George
Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680596, India
Abhijit Dey
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India
Balachandar Vellingiri
Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda 151401, India
Harishkumar Madhyastha
Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
Raja Ganesan
Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
Thiyagarajan Ramesh
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Rama Jayaraj
Jindal Institute of Behavioral Sciences (JIBS), Jindal Global Institution of Eminence Deemed to Be University, Sonipat 131001, India
D. S. Prabakaran
Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
Infection with viruses, bacteria, and parasites are thought to be the underlying cause of about 8–17% of the world’s cancer burden, i.e., approximately one in every five malignancies globally is caused by an infectious pathogen. Oncogenesis is thought to be aided by eleven major pathogens. It is crucial to identify microorganisms that potentially act as human carcinogens and to understand how exposure to such pathogens occur as well as the following carcinogenic pathways they induce. Gaining knowledge in this field will give important suggestions for effective pathogen-driven cancer care, control, and, ultimately, prevention. This review will mainly focus on the major onco-pathogens and the types of cancer caused by them. It will also discuss the major pathways which, when altered, lead to the progression of these cancers.
