Jornal de Pediatria (Feb 2013)

Eficácia dos probióticos na profilaxia de enterocolite necrosante em recém-nascidos prematuros: revisão sistemática e meta-análise Effectiveness of probiotics in the prophylaxis of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Wanderley Marques Bernardo,
  • Felipe Toyama Aires,
  • Renata Mota Carneiro,
  • Fernando Pereira de Sá,
  • Vera Esteves Vagnozzi Rullo,
  • Dennis Alexander Burns

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 89, no. 1
pp. 18 – 24

Abstract

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OBJETIVO: Elucidar os benefícios do uso de probióticos na prevenção de enterocolite necrosante (ECN) e de suas complicações em recém-nascidos prematuros. MÉTODO: Revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados, que incluiu pesquisas efetuadas em três bases de dados (MEDLINE, EMBASE e LILACS), utilizando a combinação dos termos (necrotizing enterocolitis) AND (probiotics). RESULTADOS : Foram incluídos 11 ensaios clínicos randomizados, totalizando 2.887 pacientes, sendo 1.431 no grupo Probiótico e 1.456 no grupo Controle. Houve redução na incidência de ECN (NNT = 25), de morte global (NNT = 34) e sepse neonatal (NNT = 34) no grupo Probiótico em relação ao grupo Controle. Pacientes alimentados com suplementação de probióticos tiveram tempo de reintrodução alimentar (p OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the benefits of using probiotics in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and its complications in preterm newborns. METHOD: This was a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, which included studies retrieved from three databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS), using a combination of the terms (necrotizing enterocolitis) AND (probiotics). RESULTS: 11 randomized trials were included, totaling 2,887 patients, 1,431 in the probiotic group and 1,456 in the control group. There was a reduction in the incidence of NEC (NNT = 25), overall death (NNT = 34), and neonatal sepsis (NNT = 34) in the probiotic group compared to the control group. Patients that received probiotic supplementation had lower food reintroduction time (p < 0.001) and hospitalization time (p < 0.001) when compared to those not receiving probiotics. There was no difference in mortality caused by NEC. CONCLUSION: In premature newborns, the use of probiotics is effective as a prophylaxis for NEC and its complications.

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