Analysis of wind resources in Senegal using 100-meter wind data from ERA5 reanalysis

Abstract

This study conducts a climatological analysis of wind resources in Senegal, utilizing wind data at 100 m from the ERA5 reanalysis. The results reveal spatio-temporal variations in wind speeds and directions, while also identifying favorable areas for the establishment of wind farms. Wind speeds range from 3 to 9 m/s, with increasing gradients in the north-south and west-east directions. Maximum speeds are observed in winter and spring, especially from December to May. A distinct daily pattern is observed, with the highest speeds at night and lower speeds during the day. On average, nighttime wind speeds are 21 % higher than daytime speeds. Most of the time, the wind blows from optimal directions, ranging from northwest to northeast. The study successfully identifies three particularly suitable zones for wind farm installation: the northwest coast between Saint-Louis and Dakar, the smaller coast between Dakar and Mbour, and the extreme north of the country bordering Mauritania between Saint-Louis and Matam. Furthermore, a long-term analysis highlights evolving wind trends. Trends and anomalies indicate a 7 % increase in winds at 100 m. In conclusion, this study provides a precise assessment of wind resources in Senegal, emphasizing that the most favorable zones are along the coast and in regions near the desert. This information is crucial for the sustainable development of wind energy in the region.

Keywords

• Wind resources
• Spatio-temporal variations
• ERA5
• Wind speed trends
• Senegal