High Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies to Multiple Arboviruses in People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Madagascar
Fetra Angelot Rakotomalala,
Julie Bouillin,
Santatriniaina Dauphin Randriarimanana,
Guillaume Thaurignac,
Luca Maharavo,
Mihaja Raberahona,
Lucien Razafindrakoto,
Jasmina Rasoanarivo,
Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo,
Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto,
François Xavier Babin,
Tahinamandranto Rasamoelina,
Eric Delaporte,
Luc Hervé Samison,
Martine Peeters,
Eric Nerrienet,
Ahidjo Ayouba
Affiliations
Fetra Angelot Rakotomalala
Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Julie Bouillin
TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
Santatriniaina Dauphin Randriarimanana
Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Guillaume Thaurignac
TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
Luca Maharavo
Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Mihaja Raberahona
Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hôspitalier Universitaire Joseph Raseta de Befelatanana, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Lucien Razafindrakoto
Service de Pneumo-Phtisiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Analakininina, Toamasina 501, Madagascar
Jasmina Rasoanarivo
Secrétariat Exécutif du Comité National de la Lutte Contre le SIDA, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo
Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto
Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Vie et de l’Environnement, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
François Xavier Babin
Fondation Mérieux, 69002 Lyon, France
Tahinamandranto Rasamoelina
Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Eric Delaporte
TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
Luc Hervé Samison
Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
Martine Peeters
TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
Eric Nerrienet
Fondation Mérieux, 69002 Lyon, France
Ahidjo Ayouba
TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
To estimate the prevalence of IgG antibodies against six arboviruses in people living with HIV-1 (PLWHIV) in Madagascar, we tested samples collected between January 2018 and June 2021. We used a Luminex-based serological assay to detect IgG antibodies against antigens from Dengue virus serotypes 1–4 (DENV1–4), Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and O’nyong nyong virus (ONNV). Of the 1036 samples tested, IgG antibody prevalence was highest for ONNV (28.4%), CHIKV (26.7%), WNV-NS1 (27.1%), DENV1 (12.4%), USUV (9.9%), and DENV3 (8.9%). ZIKV (4.9%), DENV2 (4.6%), WNV-D3 (5.1%), and DENV4 (1.4%) were lower. These rates varied by province of origin, with the highest rates observed in Toamasina, on the eastern coast (50.5% and 56.8%, for CHIKV and ONNV, respectively). The seroprevalence increased with age for DENV1 and 3 (p = 0.006 and 0.038, respectively) and WNV DIII (p = 0.041). The prevalence of IgG antibodies against any given arborvirus varied over the year and significantly correlated with rainfalls in the different areas (r = 0.61, p = 0.036). Finally, we found a significant correlation between the seroprevalence of antibodies against CHIKV and ONNV and the HIV-1 RNA plasma viral load. Thus, PLWHIV in Madagascar are highly exposed to various arboviruses. Further studies are needed to explain some of our findings.
