Frontiers in Microbiology (Apr 2022)

Plasma Exosomal Proteomic Pattern of Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

  • Yan Xie,
  • Yan Xie,
  • Yan Xie,
  • Yan Xie,
  • Li Yang,
  • Li Yang,
  • Li Yang,
  • Li Yang,
  • Pengfei Cao,
  • Pengfei Cao,
  • Shen Li,
  • Shen Li,
  • Shen Li,
  • Shen Li,
  • Wentao Zhang,
  • Wentao Zhang,
  • Wentao Zhang,
  • Wentao Zhang,
  • Wei Dang,
  • Wei Dang,
  • Wei Dang,
  • Wei Dang,
  • Shuyu Xin,
  • Shuyu Xin,
  • Shuyu Xin,
  • Shuyu Xin,
  • Mingjuan Jiang,
  • Mingjuan Jiang,
  • Mingjuan Jiang,
  • Mingjuan Jiang,
  • Yujie Xin,
  • Yujie Xin,
  • Yujie Xin,
  • Yujie Xin,
  • Jing Li,
  • Jing Li,
  • Jing Li,
  • Jing Li,
  • Sijing Long,
  • Sijing Long,
  • Sijing Long,
  • Sijing Long,
  • Yiwei Wang,
  • Yiwei Wang,
  • Yiwei Wang,
  • Yiwei Wang,
  • Senmiao Zhang,
  • Senmiao Zhang,
  • Senmiao Zhang,
  • Senmiao Zhang,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Jianhong Lu,
  • Jianhong Lu,
  • Jianhong Lu,
  • Jianhong Lu

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.821311
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13

Abstract

Read online

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome, which is caused by EBV infection that is usually refractory to treatment and shows relapse. The development of new biomarkers for the early diagnosis and clinical treatment of EBV-HLH is urgently needed. Exosomes have been shown to mediate various biological processes and are ideal non-invasive biomarkers. Here, we present the differential plasma exosomal proteome of a patient with EBV-HLH before vs. during treatment and with that of his healthy twin brother. A tandem mass tag-labeled LC-MS technique was employed for proteomic detection. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses indicated that differential proteomic profiles were related to virus infection, coagulopathy, nervous system dysfunction, imbalance of immune response, and abnormal liver function. The candidate biomarkers were first identified in the patient’s plasma exosomes at different treatment and follow-up time points. Then, 14 additional EBV-HLH exosome samples were used to verify six differentially expressed proteins. The upregulation of C-reactive protein, moesin, galectin three-binding protein, and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein and the downregulation of plasminogen and fibronectin 1 could serve as potential biomarkers of EBV-HLH. This plasma exosomal proteomic analysis provides new insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of EBV-HLH.

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