A Comparison of ethanol production utilizing separated hydrolysis fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation methods applied to Tanduk banana peel waste

Abstract

In 2021, Indonesia’s banana production is expected to reach 8.74 million tons. This substantial volume of bananas will generate a notable quantity of banana peel waste, constituting approximately one-third of the total banana fruit mass. Remarkably, banana peel waste retains 18.5% carbohydrates, which can be effectively converted into glucose, serving as a valuable feedstock for ethanol production. This research is focused on the ethanol production derived from Tanduk banana peel waste, employing a comparative analysis of the Separated Hydrolysis Fermentation (SHF) and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) techniques. Additionally, it explored varying raw material concentrations, specifically 200, 250, and 300 g/L. The SSF method integrated the use of cellulase enzymes, while the SHF method relied on HCl for the hydrolysis process. Microbial fermentation was facilitated by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a fermentation duration of 96 hours and sample collection at 12-hour intervals. The results demonstrated that higher concentrations of banana peel waste yield increased glucose production during the hydrolysis process, consequently leading to greater ethanol produced. The concentration of 300 g/L banana peel waste is optimal for producing ethanol in both procedures. However, the SHF approach demonstrates a superior ethanol concentration of 51%, surpassing the 33.7% achieved by the SSF method.